Loom for weaving double-pile fabrics.



Patented Nov. 7, |899.`

4 Sheets-Sheet I` N. Ew

- .1. KILLAns.

LUUM FDR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS.

(No Model.)

.N @MN YH: Normas Pneus co., Hom-uwe.. wAsHmc'roN. c.

No. 636,533. Patented Nov. 7, |899. J. KILLARS.

LUUM FR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS.

(Application led Dec. 29, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

A TOR/VE YS.

TNE NORRIS PETERS CO., PGTCLLITHD., WASHINGTON. D. C.

No. 636,533. Patented Nov. 7, |899. J. KILLARS.

LUM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS.

(pplication led Dec. 29, 1898.) {No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 TN: NcnmsPETERS co., Pnofuumo.. wAsHmnToN. u. c.

No. 636,533. Patented Nov. 7, 1899. .1. KILLAns.

LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS.

(Application led Dec. 29, 189B.) (N0 ModL) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN KILLARS, OF STONINGTON,-OONNECTICUT.

LOOM FORWEAVING DOUBLE-PILE FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 636,533, dated November7, 1899.

Application filed December 29, 1898. Serial No. 700,585. (No model.)

To all whom/t may concern,.-

' Beit known that I, JOHN KILLARS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Stonington, in the county of New London'and State ofConnecticut, have invented certainnew anduseful Improvements in Loomsfor Weaving Double-Pile Fabrics, of which'the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in looms for weavingdouble-pile fabrics, and has for its object to provide means for theaccurate control and uniform tension of the ground-warps during theirup-and-down motion in Weaving velvet and other doublepile fabrics, sothat a regular formation of the pile is obtained; and for this purposethe invention consists ofan improved loom for weaving double-pilefabrics in which a positive tension-regulating mechanism for taking upthe slack and controlling the uniform tension of the ground-warps ofeach fabric in connection with theup-and-down motion of the harness isprovided. The invention consists, `further, of a loom in which apositive tension-regulating mechanism for the ground-warps is operatedin conjunction with the harness for the same and with atension-regulator of any approved construction, both thetension-regulating mechanism and the feed-regulator for the groundwarpsbeing operated from the driving-shaft of the loom and the inventionconsists, lastly, of certain details of construction in the tensionattachment and its combination with a tension-regulator for theVwarp-threads, as will be fully described hereinafter and finally setforth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of myimproved loom for weaving velvet or other double-pile fabrics. Fig. 2 isa rear elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan View; and Fig. 4 is avertical longitudinal section through the rear part of the loom on line4 4, Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

^ Referring to the drawings, u. represents the driving-crank axle ofmyimproved velvetloom, which makes one rotation for each pick. To the endof the crank-axle a is applied a 4pinion a', which meshes with acomparatively larger gear-Wheel b on a shaft c, the teeth of the pinionc and gear-wheel b being so pro; portion ed that for every eight picksthe latter makes one full rotation. The shaft c is supported in bearingsof the main frame F and side frame F of the loom and provided with anumber of cam-disks d, lsuch as are used in ordinary looms, on whichcam-disks rest, by means of antifriction-rollers, a corresponding numberof levers e, which are pivoted at the rear ends to a stationarypivot-shaft d andwhich are moved up or down during the rotation of thecam-disks. The front ends of the levers e are connected by stirrups e2with fulcrumed cam-levers e at the upper and lower parts of the loom,said cam-levers govcrning the up-and-down motion of the harness for theground-warps, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In weaving double-pile fabrics the harnesses for the upper and lowerground-warps are respectively at the upper and lower parts of the loom.Also all the ground-warps are usually wound up on one and the same beam,where the tension is regulated by means of suitable weights or specialregulating mechanism. It follows, therefore, that during the upward anddownward motion of the harness the ground-warps as they are caused toapproach the intermediate or horizontal position have a less tensionthan when moving toward their upper or lower positions, and they getloose in the harness. The object of this invention is, to prevent thisobjectionable feature and to keep the ground-warps at a uniform tensionthroughout the upward-anddownward motion of their harness. For thispurpose each lever e is provided at its pivoted end with a`downwardlyextending arm g, which during the up-and-down motion impartedby the cam-disks makes an oscillating motion from the position 71. tothe position '11, as shown in Fig. 1. To the lower end of each arm g isapplied a connecting-rod j, the rear end of which is connected with acrank-arm lo, so that the latter follows the motion of the lever-arm gfrom the position Z to the positionm, Fig. 1. l The oscillating motionof the crank-arm k produces a partial rotation of the shaft n, to whichthe arm k is applied. All the shafts n extend from one side of the frameto the other and are supported in three bearings, each of which issupported on the IOO rear part of the frame F of the loom, which rearpart is connected by the frame-piece q. This frame-piece q is extendedbeyond the right-hand side of the loom a'nd supports a casting o, inwhich the outerbearings for the shafts n are arranged.

To the rear part of the frame F are fulcrumed at each side fourlever-arms s, which oscillate on pins t, as shown in Fig. 4. Eachlever-arm s is provided at its lower end with a roller z5', which turnson a pin t2. These rollers are in a horizontal line with the shafts uand form Contact with small cams z on the same. The size of theprojecting portions of the cams are in proportion with the eccentricityof the cam-disks d. The four oscillating lever-arms s at each side ofthe loomframe are arranged in one place, one back of the other. Theycarry at their forked upper ends transverse iron tension-rollers s',which turn freely in the same. The warp-beam u, on which theground-warps are wound, is supported in bearings of upwardly-extendingstandards F2 of the loom-frame, back of the tension rollers s'. Thethreads for the ground-warps of the upper as well as for theground-warps of the lower fabric are conducted from the beam u firstbelow a roller c, then around a roller w, then below a roller afterwhich they are divided up into four parts, one for each harness, andconducted over the tension-rollers s to the heddle-eyes of theirrespective harness f. The rollers o, w, and o; are likewise supported inbearings in the rear part F2 of the frame of the loom, the latter tworollers being covered with closely-meshed cloth. When the loom is set inmotion, the rotation of the cam-disks d moves the levers c up and downand oscillates simultaneously the arms g, which by the connecting-rodsjoscillate the crank-arms 7o on the shafts a, so as to operate therebythe eight cams e, which latter act on the rollers lat the lower ends ofthe eight lever-arms s.

This imparts an oscillating motion to the arms s and to thetension-rollers s at the upper ends of the same to such an extent thatthe warpthreads of each harness are tightly stretched at that point ofthe weaving operation when they arrive at the intermediate positions inthe up-and-down motions of the harness, so that the slack of thewarp-threads is entirely obviated and a positive tension imparted to thesame. A yielding of the ground-warps or a greater tension on thewarp-threads of the nonoperating harness is prevented by the guiding ofthe same around the rollers 0c, r, and w. The proper feed of theground-warps for the upper as well as the lower fabric is accomplishedin the usual manner by any wellknown regulating mechanism. Such aregulator, for instance, is shown in the drawings in connection with therollers fu, w, and and is operated from the crank-shaft a by anintermediate shaft E, which receives motion by the gear-wheels G and Efrom the crankshaft a and which transmits by the bevel gearwheels C Dmotion to a longitudinal shaft B, that extends to the rear part of theloom. On the rear end of shaft B is placed loosely a worm H, which isconnected to the shaft B by means of toothed disks and a clampingnut Hl,so that it turns with the shaft B when velvet is to be woven in theloom. The worm II meshes with a worm-gear I, which is located above theworm H and on the shaft of which is located a pinion J. The aXle of thewormgear I is supported in a sleeve I'. The pinion J meshes with agear-Wheel L, which again meshes with a large gear-wheel R, the shaft ofwhich carries a pinion M, which meshes with a gear-wheel N, that islocated on the shaft of the roller fu, as shown in Fig. l. Thegear-wheels R and L are supported in bearings of a shiftable arm P,having asegmental slot at its lower end, so as to permit theinterchanging of the said gear-wheels for others of different sizewhenever a looser or tighter weaving of the fabric is desired. By theregulator described the feed of the ground-warps is kept within accuratecontrol, so that the uniform weaving of the double-pile fabric takesplace in connection with the regular cutting of the pile.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patentl. Inaloom for wcavingdouble-pile fabrics, thecombination, with the harness and driving-shaft, of cam-disks actuatedby the driving-shaft, oscillating levers operated by the cam-disks andconnected with the harness for raising and lowering it, fulcrumedlever-arms, extending in upward direction and provided withtension-rollers, at their upper ends, over which the ground-warps areconducted, rockshafts provided with cams formed relatively to aforesaidcam-disks, and acting on the lower ends of said lever-arms, and meansbetween said oscillating levers and the rockshafts, whereby the latterare operated, substantially as set forth.

2. In a loom for weaving double-pile fabrics, the combination with theharness and driving-shaf t, of cam-disks actuated by said driving-shaft,oscillating levers, operated by said cams, and connected with theharness, upwardly-extending parallel lever-arms, pivoted intermediatelyof their ends, and provided at their upper ends with tension-rollersover which the ground-warps are led, rock-shafts provided with cams,formed relatively to the said cam-disks, and acting on the lower ends ofsaid lever-arms, crank-arms on said rockshafts, and connecting-rodsbetween the said oscillating levers and said crank-arms, substantiallyas set forth.

3. In a loom for Weaving doublcpile fabrics, the combination, with theharness and driving-shaft, of tension-regulating mechanism consisting offulcrumed and upwardly-extending lever-arms, provided at their upperends with tension rollers, over which the ground-warps are conducted,rockshafts pro-' IIO vided with cams acting on the lower ends of Intestimony that I claim the foregoing as said lever-arms and meansbetween said drivmy invention I have signed my name in pres- Ioing-shaft and the rook-shaft, whereby the ence' of two subscribingWitnesses.

latter are operated,'a beam for the ground- Warps, guide-rollers betweensaid beam and JOHN KHLARS' the tension regulating mechanism, and aWitnesses:

feed-regulator for the ground-Warps, sub- HENRY G. PALMER,

stantially as set forth. JOHN H. RYAN.

